Mushroom farming is quickly gaining reputation in India, each as a worthwhile enterprise and a rewarding pastime. With their wealthy dietary profile and culinary versatility, mushrooms have turn into a staple in lots of households.
However do you know that rising mushrooms doesn’t require acres of farmland or hefty investments? You can begin your mushroom farm proper from the consolation of your own home!
India primarily cultivates three varieties of mushrooms: button mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, and milky mushrooms. Button mushrooms thrive in cooler climates, whereas oyster and milky mushrooms flourish in hotter situations, making it straightforward to decide on the variability finest suited to your native climate. Individuals have given cultivating shiitake mushrooms a strive as nicely!
Organising a small-scale mushroom farm is surprisingly easy and entails simply six key steps:
1. Selecting your mushroom selection
Start by choosing a mushroom sort that aligns along with your regional local weather and private preferences. Button mushrooms are perfect for cooler areas, whereas oyster mushrooms are extra resilient and beginner-friendly.
2. Composting
Composting is the muse of profitable mushroom farming and have to be carried out meticulously. This course of is carried out within the open on flat trays with correct drainage to stop liquid accumulation. To guard the compost from rain, guarantee a lined or sheltered space.
Compost will be both man-made or natural. Artificial compost entails a mixture of wheat straw, bran, urea, gypsum, and calcium ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulphate. These supplies are blended nicely, soaked utilizing a sprinkling methodology, and piled up.
Pure compost, appropriate for natural farming, combines wheat straw and gypsum with recent horse dung and poultry manure. Start by sprinkling water on the straw, mixing completely, and permitting fermentation. Commonly flip the pile, holding it moist. The scent of ammonia signifies lively decomposition.
As soon as prepared, the compost is evenly crammed into trays to a thickness of 15–18 cm, making certain it stays moist. Correctly ready compost units the stage for wholesome mushroom progress.
3. Spawning
Spawning entails sowing the mushroom mycelium into the ready compost. This may be carried out by both sprinkling the mycelium over the compost or completely mixing it with the compost earlier than filling the trays. As soon as sown, cowl the compost with newspapers to retain moisture and sprinkle water repeatedly to maintain it damp.
4. Casing Soil
Casing soil is utilized as a protecting layer over the compost. It’s ready by mixing soil with cow dung, completely filtering, and sterilising it to take away any dangerous microbes. Unfold the casing soil evenly over the compost and keep a excessive temperature of round 27°C for 72 hours to encourage progress.
5. Cropping
After about 15 days, the mushroom caps or buttons will turn into seen and agency on their stems, indicating that the mushrooms are prepared for harvesting.
6. Harvesting
To reap, gently press the soil and twist the caps slowly to loosen them. Fastidiously take away the caps, leaving the bottom of the stem within the tray for additional cycles.
Mushroom farming isn’t just about rising meals; it’s about sustainability, creativity, and a possible supply of earnings. Whether or not you’re seeking to save on groceries, discover a brand new pastime, or launch a small enterprise, beginning a mushroom farm could possibly be your subsequent massive step!
So why wait? Seize a spore, and let the magic of mushrooms take root in your house.
Edited by Arunava Banerjee
